Smart cameras, thermostats, doorbells, plugs and speakers can work for years after you buy them. The problem is that “still works” does not always mean “still secure.” When a manufacturer stops providing firmware and security updates, newly discovered flaws may remain open forever. An unsupported device can become an easy route into your home network, expose video or audio, or join a botnet that attacks other systems.
This is not a small waste stream, either. The UN-backed Global E-waste Monitor 2024 reported that the world generated a record 62 million tonnes of e-waste in 2022, but only 22.3% was documented as properly collected and recycled. Replacing smart devices thoughtfully—and recycling them responsibly—protects both your digital life and the environment.
What does end of life mean for an IoT device?
An Internet of Things device reaches end of life or end of support when its maker no longer maintains its software or firmware. That may mean no more security patches, bug fixes, vulnerability monitoring or technical help. The mobile app may also disappear or stop working with newer phones.
CISA defines an end-of-support device as one whose manufacturer no longer monitors its software or firmware for defects or supplies security updates and fixes. Although CISA’s guidance focuses on network-edge equipment, the same basic risk applies at home: an internet-connected product without patches cannot defend against future discoveries.
How can you tell whether a smart device is still supported?
- Check the manufacturer’s support page: Search the exact model number plus “support,” “firmware,” “security updates” or “end of life.”
- Open the companion app: Look for a firmware version, last update date and automatic-update setting.
- Review security notices: Check whether the maker publishes vulnerability advisories and explains how long it supports products.
- Watch for warning signs: An abandoned app, broken cloud service, expired certificate or years without an update can signal declining support.
- Ask the manufacturer directly: Request the support end date in writing if the website is unclear.
When should you replace an old IoT device?
Replace the device when the manufacturer confirms support has ended, a critical flaw has no patch, the company or cloud service has shut down, or you cannot change default credentials or enable secure updates. Also replace it if you no longer trust the vendor to protect account data.
Do not assume a factory reset repairs an unsupported product. A reset removes settings and personal data, but it does not create new security patches. Disconnect the device from Wi-Fi while you decide what to do. If you must keep it temporarily, isolate it on a guest or IoT network, block unnecessary internet access and monitor your router for unfamiliar traffic. Treat that as a short bridge, not a permanent fix.
How do you securely retire and recycle a smart device?
- Remove it from your accounts. Delete the device from its app, revoke third-party integrations and cancel any subscription.
- Save what you need. Export video, settings or records you must keep, then delete cloud-stored data where the service allows it.
- Factory-reset the device. Follow the manufacturer’s official instructions. Remove memory cards and erase them separately.
- Change related passwords. Update reused credentials and secure the main account with multifactor authentication.
- Remove batteries when instructed. Do not place lithium-ion batteries or battery-powered electronics in household trash or curbside recycling.
- Use a responsible collection program. The EPA says manufacturers and retailers offer electronics donation and recycling options and recommends deleting personal information, removing batteries when appropriate and checking state or community facilities.
What should you look for in a safer replacement?
Choose a product with a clearly stated support period, automatic security updates, multifactor authentication, encrypted communications and a published vulnerability-reporting process. Avoid products that force one shared default password or hide how long updates will continue.
The FCC’s U.S. Cyber Trust Mark program is designed to help shoppers identify qualifying wireless consumer IoT products. Its QR-code registry can provide details such as the product’s support period and whether security patches are automatic. That information helps you compare long-term security—not just price and features—before bringing another connected device home.
How replacing unsupported IoT devices improves online safety
Retiring an end-of-life device closes a permanent, unpatchable gap in your home network. It reduces the chance that criminals can spy through a camera, hijack an account, reach other household devices or recruit your hardware into a botnet. A supported replacement also gives you a path to receive fixes when researchers find the next vulnerability. Start with a 15-minute smart-home inventory today. List every connected camera, thermostat, doorbell, speaker, plug and hub; record its model and last update; then flag anything without a confirmed support path. Update what
