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Phishing attacks remain one of the most effective tools in a cybercriminal's arsenal. Why? Because phishing doesn't target technology first—it targets people.

Whether it arrives as an email, text message, social media message, or fake website, a phishing attack is designed to trick you into revealing sensitive information, clicking a malicious link, or downloading malware.

The threat is growing. According to the FBI's 2024 Internet Crime Report, phishing/spoofing was the most frequently reported cybercrime, generating 193,407 complaints in 2024. You can review the data in the FBI's official Internet Crime Report.

The good news is that most phishing attacks can be avoided by recognizing a few common warning signs.

What is a phishing attack?

A phishing attack is a scam designed to convince you that a message is legitimate when it is actually coming from a cybercriminal.

Attackers often impersonate:

• Banks
• Delivery companies
• Government agencies
• Technology companies
• Employers
• Friends or family members

Their goal is usually to steal:

• Passwords
• Credit card numbers
• Personal information
• Financial account credentials
• Multi-factor authentication codes

How can you tell if an email is phishing?

Look for these red flags:

• Unexpected requests for personal information
• Urgent language demanding immediate action
• Suspicious links
• Misspellings or poor grammar
• Attachments you weren't expecting
• Unfamiliar sender addresses

Even professional-looking emails can be fraudulent. Always verify before clicking.

Should you click links in unexpected emails?

The safest answer is no.

Instead of clicking a link in an email or text:

• Open your browser manually
• Type the company's website address yourself
• Log in directly from the official site

This simple habit prevents many phishing attempts from succeeding.

How do hackers trick people with text messages?

Text-message phishing, often called "smishing," has become increasingly common.

Examples include:

• Package delivery scams
• Fake bank fraud alerts
• Toll payment notices
• Account verification requests

If a message creates panic or urgency, pause before responding. Legitimate organizations rarely demand immediate action through unsolicited texts.

Why is multi-factor authentication important?

Even if attackers steal your password, multi-factor authentication (MFA) adds another layer of protection.

Whenever possible:

• Enable MFA on email accounts
• Enable MFA on banking apps
• Protect social media accounts
• Secure cloud storage services

MFA can significantly reduce the likelihood of account takeover.

What are the best ways to avoid phishing attacks?

Follow these cybersecurity best practices:

• Think before clicking links
• Verify sender email addresses
• Use strong, unique passwords
• Enable MFA on important accounts
• Keep devices updated
• Use reputable security software
• Avoid downloading unexpected attachments
• Never share verification codes with anyone
• Monitor accounts for suspicious activity

These habits dramatically reduce your exposure to phishing threats.

What should you do if you think you clicked a phishing link?

Act quickly:

1. Disconnect from suspicious websites.
2. Change affected passwords immediately.
3. Enable MFA if it isn't already active.
4. Scan your device for malware.
5. Contact your bank if financial information was involved.
6. Monitor accounts for unauthorized activity.

The sooner you respond, the lower the risk of lasting damage.

The bottom line

Phishing attacks succeed because they exploit trust, curiosity, and urgency. Fortunately, a little skepticism goes a long way.

Before clicking a link, downloading a file, or entering your password, take a moment to verify the request. That small pause could prevent identity theft, financial fraud, or a compromised account.

Cybersecurity starts with smart decisions—and avoiding phishing attacks is one of the most important ones you can make.

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