Security & Safety Resource Center

We’ve all seen them – emails or texts that look legit but just feel a little…off. Maybe it’s a “urgent” message from your bank, a “shipping notification” for something you didn’t order, or even a plea for help from a “friend” in need. These are likely phishing scams, and they’re designed to trick you into handing over your personal and financial information. Think of them as digital bait, and once you take the hook, the scammers have you. But don’t worry, with a little awareness, you can spot these sneaky attempts and keep your information safe.

What’s the Phish?

Phishing is a type of cyberattack where scammers impersonate legitimate organizations or people to deceive you. They typically use email, text messages (smishing), or even phone calls (vishing) to try and get you to:

• Reveal sensitive information: This could be your passwords, Social Security number, credit card details, or bank account numbers.
• Click on malicious links: These links might take you to fake websites that look real but are designed to steal your login credentials or install malware on your device.
• Send them money: They might create a believable story to trick you into making a payment or sending gift cards.

The key to phishing is deception. Scammers often play on your emotions – creating a sense of urgency, fear, or even excitement – to cloud your judgment.

Spotting the Red Flags: How to Recognize a Phishing Scam

Becoming a savvy scam spotter is your best defense. Here are some common red flags to watch out for:

• Unexpected Communication: Did you suddenly receive an email or text from a company you don’t have an account with? Or a message about a problem you’re not experiencing? Be immediately suspicious.
• Sense of Urgency: Phishing messages often try to create a feeling of panic. They might say your account will be closed, your order will be canceled, or you’ll miss out on a great deal if you don’t act immediately.
• Suspicious Links or Attachments: Hover your mouse over links in emails (without clicking) to see the actual web address. Does it look legitimate? Be extremely cautious about opening attachments from unknown senders, as they can contain malware.
• Grammar and Spelling Errors: Legitimate organizations usually have professional communication. Phishing messages often contain typos, grammatical mistakes, and awkward phrasing.
• Generic Greetings: Instead of using your name, the message might use a generic greeting like “Dear Customer” or “Sir/Madam.”
• Requests for Personal Information: Be very wary of any unsolicited communication that asks for sensitive information like your password, Social Security number, or credit card details. Legitimate companies usually won’t ask for this information via email or text.
• Unusual Sender Addresses: Check the sender’s email address or phone number carefully. Does it match the official contact information for the organization they’re claiming to be? Scammers often use addresses that are slightly off or completely unrelated.

You’ve Spotted a Phish – Now What?

If you suspect a message is a phishing scam, here’s what you should do:

• Don’t Click Anything: Resist the urge to click on links or open attachments.
• Don’t Reply: Do not respond to the message, even if you want to tell them off. This confirms to the scammer that your email address or phone number is active.
• Verify Independently: If you’re concerned the message might be legitimate, contact the organization directly using their official website or phone number (that you find yourself, not from the suspicious message).
• Report It: Most email providers and social media platforms have ways to report phishing attempts. You can also report scams to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) at ReportFraud.ftc.gov.
• Delete the Message: Once you’ve taken the necessary steps, delete the suspicious email or text message.

By staying informed and being cautious, you can become a human spam filter and keep those phishing hooks away from your valuable personal information.

You’ve got that new phone feeling—sleek, fast, and ready for all your adventures. But before you trade in your old device, sell it to a friend, or send it to the great electronic recycling bin in the sky, you’ve got to do one crucial thing: remove your personal information. Your phone is a digital vault, holding everything from your photos and texts to your banking apps and passwords. If you don’t properly wipe it clean, you’re essentially handing over the keys to your entire digital life to a complete stranger. Don’t let your digital ghost haunt you! Here’s how to make sure your personal data stays private.

Step 1: Back Up Everything You Love

Before you do anything else, back up your phone! This is non-negotiable. You don’t want to lose all those irreplaceable photos, videos, and contacts. Both Android and iPhone offer easy ways to back up to the cloud (Google Drive, iCloud) or to your computer.

• For iPhone: Go to Settings > Your Name > iCloud > iCloud Backup and tap Back Up Now.
• For Android: Go to Settings > Google > Backup and tap Back up now.

Double-check to make sure your backup is complete before moving on. The last thing you want is to lose those pictures from your last vacation!

Step 2: Disconnect From Everything

Your phone is likely linked to all sorts of accounts and services. You need to unlink them before you wipe your device.

• Sign Out of Your Accounts: Log out of all your apps, especially social media, banking, and email. This is a good habit to get into before any major device change.
• Remove Your Accounts: Go into your phone’s settings and remove your Google, Apple ID, and any other accounts you have linked. This is a critical step because it severs the link between your identity and the device.

Step 3: Encrypt Your Data (Android Only)

For many modern Android phones, this step is already done by default. But if you have an older device, you may need to manually encrypt it. This scrambles your data, making it unreadable to anyone who doesn’t have the decryption key. Even if a data recovery expert tries to pull information from the phone, they won’t be able to make sense of it.

• For Android: Go to Settings > Security > Encryption. If your device isn’t already encrypted, you’ll see an option to do so. Make sure your phone is fully charged or plugged in, as this process can take some time.

Step 4: The Factory Reset (The Final Step)

This is the most important part of the process. A factory reset erases all data, settings, and media from your phone, restoring it to its original state.

• For iPhone: Go to Settings > General > Transfer or Reset iPhone > Erase All Content and Settings.
• For Android: Go to Settings > System > Reset options > Erase all data (factory reset). The exact path may vary slightly depending on your phone model.

By following these simple steps, you can ensure that your personal information doesn’t fall into the wrong hands when you say goodbye to your old phone. A little bit of proactive effort goes a long way toward protecting your digital life.

Your phone is your constant companion, holding everything from your photos to your private messages. But what if it’s being used against you? Stalkerware is a type of software that an abuser or controlling person can secretly install on your device to track everything you do—your location, your calls, your messages, and even what you type. It’s a terrifying form of digital abuse, but understanding what it is and what to look for is your first step toward regaining control.

What is Stalkerware?

Unlike commercial spyware used by governments or corporations, stalkerware is specifically designed for personal use to secretly monitor someone’s device. It’s often disguised as a legitimate utility app, and it operates in “stealth mode,” meaning it’s hard to detect. It’s important to know that installing this software on someone else’s device without their consent is illegal in most places.

Stalkerware can give someone a frightening amount of access to your digital life, allowing them to:

• Track your real-time location using GPS.
• Read your text messages and emails.
• Listen to your phone calls.
• View your photos and videos.
• Access your social media and browser history.
• Turn on your camera or microphone remotely.

Signs of Stalkerware on Your Device

Stalkerware is designed to be sneaky, but it’s not always invisible. Trust your instincts. If you have a feeling something is wrong, you may be right. Here are some red flags to watch for:

• Unusual Battery Drain: Is your phone’s battery suddenly dying much faster than usual, even when you’re not using it heavily? Stalkerware running in the background can consume a lot of power.
• High Data Usage: Check your phone bill or data usage. A sudden, unexplained spike in data consumption could be a sign that the software is secretly sending your information to another server.
• Strange Phone Behavior: Does your phone suddenly turn on or off without you touching it? Does it make unusual noises during calls? Does it get hot even when it’s not charging or in use? These can all be signs of hidden activity.
• Unfamiliar Apps: Go through your list of installed apps. Stalkerware can be disguised with a generic name like “System Info” or “Device Health.” If you see an app you don’t remember installing, research it.
• Someone Knows Too Much: The most common sign is often a change in the abuser’s behavior. They may know details about your conversations or where you have been without a logical explanation.

What to Do If You Suspect Stalkerware

Your safety is the top priority. Removing stalkerware can sometimes escalate the abuser’s behavior, as they’ll know you’re aware of the monitoring.

1. Prioritize Your Safety: Before you do anything, consider your personal safety. If you are in an abusive situation, reach out to a domestic violence helpline or a trusted local resource. A professional can help you create a safety plan. Do not use the suspected device to search for help.
2. Preserve Evidence: If it is safe to do so, document what is happening. Take screenshots of suspicious apps or text messages. A professional can advise you on how to preserve this evidence for potential legal action.
3. Use a Secure Device: To get help or change passwords, use a device that you know is safe—like a friend’s phone, a computer at a public library, or a work computer.
4. Remove the Stalkerware: The most effective way to remove stalkerware is to do a factory reset of your phone. This will erase everything on the device, including the malicious software. Be sure to back up your important photos and contacts first. After the reset, set up your phone as a new device and use strong, unique passwords for all your accounts. Enable two-factor authentication (2FA) wherever possible.

By staying aware and taking these steps, you can help protect your privacy and regain control of your digital life.

You’re browsing your favorite online store, checking out vacation spots, or scrolling through social media. Ever get that slightly uneasy feeling that these websites and apps know a little too much about you? You’re not wrong! In today’s digital world, collecting and using user information is standard practice. But why do they do it, and more importantly, what can you do about it to protect your privacy? Let’s break it down in plain language.

The Digital Breadcrumbs You Leave Behind

Every time you interact with a website or app, you’re leaving behind digital breadcrumbs. These can range from the obvious – like your name, email address, and location (if you grant permission) – to the more subtle, such as your browsing history, the links you click, how long you stay on a page, and even details about your device.

Why the Data Grab?

So, why are websites and apps so eager to collect this information? Here are a few key reasons:

• Personalization: They want to tailor your experience. By knowing your interests, they can show you relevant content, recommend products you might like, and customize your news feed. Think of it like a store employee remembering your preferences.
• Advertising: This is a big one. Targeted advertising is the backbone of many online businesses. By tracking your activity, advertisers can show you ads that are more likely to grab your attention (and hopefully your wallet). That’s why you might see ads for that pair of shoes you were just looking at on another website.
• Analytics and Improvement: Websites and apps use your data to understand how people are using their platforms. This helps them identify areas for improvement, fix bugs, and make their services more user-friendly. It’s like getting feedback to make a better product.
• Security and Fraud Prevention: Sometimes, collecting data helps identify suspicious activity and prevent fraud. For example, they might track login attempts from unusual locations.
• Legal Requirements: In some cases, they might be legally required to collect certain information.

The Not-So-Invisible Methods

How exactly do websites and apps collect all this data? Here are some common methods:

• Cookies: These are small text files that websites store on your browser. They remember your login information, track your browsing activity on that site, and can even follow you across other websites (third-party cookies).
• Tracking Pixels (Web Beacons): These tiny, often invisible images embedded in emails and web pages can track when you open an email, visit a page, and what you click on.
• Device Fingerprinting: Websites and apps can collect information about your device (like your operating system, browser version, screen resolution, and installed plugins) to create a unique “fingerprint” that can be used to identify you across different sessions and websites.
• Location Services: If you give them permission, apps can track your location using GPS, Wi-Fi, and cellular data.
• Social Media Tracking: If you log in to a website or app using your social media account, or if a website has social media “like” buttons, the social media platform can often track your activity on that site.

Taking Back Some Control: What You Can Do

While you can’t completely disappear from the internet, you can take steps to limit the amount of information websites and apps collect and how they use it:

• Review Privacy Policies: It’s tedious, but reading the privacy policies of websites and apps can give you a better understanding of their data collection practices.
• Adjust Privacy Settings: Most websites and apps have privacy settings you can adjust. Take the time to review these and limit tracking and data sharing where possible.
• Use Privacy-Focused Browsers and Extensions: Browsers like Brave and extensions like Privacy Badger and DuckDuckGo Privacy Essentials can block trackers and cookies.
• Control Cookie Settings: Most browsers allow you to manage cookies. You can block third-party cookies or clear your cookies regularly.
• Be Mindful of Permissions: When installing new apps, pay close attention to the permissions they request. Only grant permissions that seem necessary for the app to function.
• Use a VPN: A VPN can mask your IP address, making it harder for websites to track your location.
• Opt-Out of Tracking: Some websites and advertising networks offer options to opt out of personalized advertising.

It’s a balancing act between convenience and privacy. By understanding how websites and apps collect and use your information, you can make more informed choices and take steps to protect your digital footprint.

Our homes are getting smarter every day. We can turn on the lights with a voice command, check the weather from across the room, and play our favorite songs without lifting a finger. Voice assistants like Alexa and Google Assistant have made our lives incredibly convenient, but with that convenience comes a new set of privacy and security concerns. After all, these devices are always listening for their wake word. So, how do you make sure your voice assistant is a helpful servant and not a digital spy?

Step 1: Secure the Foundation—Your Wi-Fi

Your voice assistant is only as secure as the network it’s connected to. Start by making sure your home Wi-Fi is a fortress. Use a strong, unique password for your router (not the default one that came in the box!) and use WPA3 encryption if your router supports it. Also, consider setting up a separate guest network for your smart devices, which isolates them from your main network and keeps your computers and phones safer.

Step 2: Mind Your Microphones

The microphone is the core of your voice assistant, so you need to be in control of it. Most voice assistants have a physical mute button. When you’re having a private conversation, a sensitive phone call, or simply don’t want the device listening, hit that mute button. It’s the most surefire way to ensure your device isn’t accidentally recording your conversations.

Step 3: Delete Your Recordings

Many voice assistants, by default, store a history of your voice commands to improve their service. This means there’s a record of everything you’ve said to the device. You have the power to delete these recordings. Go into the settings of the voice assistant’s app on your phone or on the manufacturer’s website. You can often review and delete individual recordings, or even set a schedule for automatic deletion. This helps ensure that a digital footprint of your commands isn’t left in the cloud.

Step 4: Control Your Privacy Settings

When you first set up your voice assistant, it’s easy to just click “I agree” and move on. But you should take some time to review the privacy settings. You can often adjust things like:

• Data Collection: Limit what data the assistant can collect and share.
• Voice Match: This feature allows the assistant to recognize your voice and provide personalized results. While it’s convenient, it’s another data point being collected.
• Opting Out of Human Review: Some companies use human reviewers to listen to a small percentage of recordings to improve their AI. You can often opt out of this in the privacy settings.

Step 5: Secure the Account

The account linked to your voice assistant is your key to controlling the device. Treat it like your most important online account. Use a strong, unique password, and enable two-factor authentication (2FA) if it’s available. This adds an extra layer of security, making it much harder for a hacker to access your account and all the data associated with it.

Step 6: Be Smart About Skills and Integrations

Voice assistants can do amazing things by integrating with other services, but be careful what you connect. A “skill” or “action” might ask for access to sensitive information. Be selective about what you connect, and regularly review the third-party apps and services that are linked to your assistant.

The Bottom Line

Voice assistants offer a fantastic glimpse into the future of technology, but it’s up to you to manage the privacy implications. By taking these simple, proactive steps, you can enjoy all the convenience of your smart device while keeping your personal information safe and secure.

You’ve got a unique, super-strong password for all your online accounts, right? Awesome! That’s a great first step. But what if a hacker manages to get their hands on it anyway? Maybe you logged in on a compromised computer, or a website you use had a data breach. Suddenly, that one password is all a hacker needs to get into your email, your social media, or even your banking app. Scary, huh?

This is where Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) comes in. Think of it as a secret knock for your digital life. It’s an extra layer of security that makes it nearly impossible for a hacker to get into your account, even if they have your password.

What is Two-Factor Authentication?

It’s pretty simple, really. It requires you to provide two different pieces of evidence to prove that you are who you say you are.

The first piece is something you know—your password.

The second is something you have—a code from your phone, a fingerprint, or a physical security key.

When you log in to an account with 2FA enabled, you first enter your password like you normally would. Then, the website or app asks for a second piece of information. This could be a six-digit code sent to your phone via text message, a code generated by an app on your phone, or a biometric scan. You provide that second piece of information, and boom, you’re in.

Why is 2FA So Important?

Even the most complex passwords can be vulnerable to data breaches or phishing scams. A hacker might get a list of usernames and passwords from a company they’ve hacked. When they try to use your password to log in to your account, they’ll hit a roadblock: they won’t have the second factor. They can’t get that code from your phone, so they’re locked out. This is a powerful defense that stops most cybercriminals in their tracks.

How Do You Get Started with 2FA?

Most major websites and apps now offer 2FA. Here’s what you need to do:

• Find the Settings: Log in to your favorite websites and apps and go to the security settings. Look for an option like “Two-Factor Authentication,” “Two-Step Verification,” or “Login Approvals.”
• Choose a Method: You’ll usually be given a few options for your second factor. The most common are:
  • Text message (SMS): A code is sent to your phone via text. It’s easy, but less secure than other options because text messages can sometimes be intercepted.
  • Authenticator App: An app like Google Authenticator or Microsoft Authenticator generates a new code every 30 seconds. This is more secure because the codes are not sent over an insecure network like SMS.
  • Physical Security Key: A small physical device you plug into your computer to log in. This is the most secure option.
• Enable It: Follow the on-screen instructions to set it up. It’s usually a quick and easy process.

It might feel like a hassle at first, but taking a few extra seconds to log in is a small price to pay for the peace of mind knowing your accounts are protected. Don’t wait for a hack to happen—enable 2FA on your most important accounts today!

Our homes are now filled with smart devices – from TVs and thermostats to security cameras and even refrigerators – all connected to the internet. This “Internet of Things” (IoT) offers incredible convenience, but it also opens up new avenues for cybercriminals if we’re not careful. Just like we lock our physical doors at night, we need to secure our digital ones too. Let’s walk through some easy steps to fortify your home network and protect those connected gadgets.

The Wild West of Connected Devices

Think about how many internet-connected devices you have in your home right now. Each one is a potential entry point for hackers if left unsecured. These devices often have weak default passwords and outdated software, making them easy targets for malicious actors who might want to snoop on your activity, steal your data, or even use your devices to launch attacks on others. It might sound like something out of a sci-fi movie, but it’s a real concern in today’s connected world.

Fortifying Your Digital Domicile

Securing your internet-connected devices doesn’t have to be complicated. Here are some practical steps you can take right now:

• Password Power-Up: This is the golden rule for all your devices. Change the default username and password on every single connected gadget. Use strong, unique passwords – the longer and more complex, the better. A password manager can be a lifesaver for keeping track of these.
• Wi-Fi Fortress: Your home Wi-Fi network is the central hub for all your connected devices. Make sure it’s secured with a strong, unique password and use the latest encryption protocol (WPA3 if your router supports it). A weak Wi-Fi password is like leaving the gate to your digital home wide open.
• Guest Network Guardian: If you have visitors who need internet access, create a separate guest Wi-Fi network. This isolates their devices from your main network, preventing them from potentially accessing your personal data or other connected gadgets. It’s a simple way to share your internet without compromising your security.
• Firmware Frenzy: Just like your computer and phone, your smart devices have software called firmware. Manufacturers regularly release updates that include crucial security patches. Enable automatic firmware updates on all your connected devices whenever possible. If not, make a habit of checking for updates regularly on the manufacturer’s website.
• UPnP Under Lockdown: Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) is a feature that allows devices to automatically discover and connect with each other on your network. While convenient, it can also create security vulnerabilities. Unless you absolutely need it for specific applications, disable UPnP in your router settings. Check your router’s manual for instructions.
• Need-to-Know Permissions: When setting up new smart devices and their associated apps, pay close attention to the permissions they request. Does your smart light really need access to your contacts or location data? Be selective about what information you share.
• Manufacturer Matters: When purchasing new smart devices, consider the reputation of the manufacturer and their track record on security. Opt for well-known brands that are more likely to provide regular security updates.

Staying Vigilant in Today’s Digital Landscape

By taking these steps, you can significantly improve the security of your internet-connected devices. Remember that security is an ongoing process. Stay vigilant, keep your software updated, and be mindful of the devices you’re bringing into your digital home. A little effort can go a long way in protecting your privacy and keeping your connected life safe and sound.

The internet has made our lives easier in countless ways, from connecting with loved ones to accessing information from anywhere. But with all this convenience comes a constant need for vigilance. Hackers and scammers are always out there, trying to get their hands on your personal information – data they can use to steal your money, your identity, or both. It might seem daunting, but taking simple steps to protect yourself can make a huge difference. Let’s dive into some practical advice to keep your devices and online accounts secure.

Your Digital Fortress: Securing Your Devices

Your phone, laptop, and tablet are treasure troves of personal data. Think of them as mini-fortresses that need strong defenses.

• Lock It Up: This is the most basic but crucial step. Use strong, unique passwords or passcodes for all your devices. Even better, enable biometric security like fingerprint or facial recognition if your device offers it. A simple swipe-to-unlock just isn’t going to cut it against a determined hacker.
• Keep Software Updated: Those update notifications can be annoying, but they often include critical security patches. Enable automatic updates for your operating systems, web browsers, and apps. Think of it as regularly reinforcing the walls of your digital fortress against new threats.
• Install Antivirus/Anti-Malware: Just like a physical fortress needs guards, your devices need antivirus software. These programs scan for and remove malicious software that could steal your data or damage your device. Keep your security software updated too!
• Be App-Savvy: Only download apps from official app stores like Apple’s App Store or Google Play. Before installing, check the app’s permissions. Does a simple game really need access to your contacts or microphone? Be wary of apps that ask for more information than they need to function.
• Secure Your Wi-Fi: Your home Wi-Fi network is the gateway to your digital world. Secure it with a strong, unique password and use WPA3 encryption if your router supports it. For public Wi-Fi, be extra cautious and consider using a VPN (Virtual Private Network) to encrypt your connection.

Online Accounts: Handle with Care

Your online accounts – email, social media, banking – are prime targets for scammers. Treat them like the valuable assets they are.

• Strong, Unique Passwords: We can’t stress this enough. Use different, complex passwords for each of your online accounts. If one account gets compromised, the others remain safe. A password manager can be a lifesaver for generating and storing strong passwords.
• Enable Two-Factor Authentication (2FA): This adds an extra layer of security. Even if a hacker knows your password, they’ll need a second code (usually sent to your phone) to log in. Enable 2FA wherever it’s offered, especially for your most important accounts like email and banking.
• Be Wary of Phishing: Scammers often send fake emails, texts, or social media messages that look legitimate, trying to trick you into giving up your passwords or personal information. Never click on suspicious links or provide sensitive data in response to an unsolicited message. If in doubt, go directly to the website or app in question.
• Review Privacy Settings: Take some time to review the privacy settings on your social media and other online accounts. Limit who can see your posts and personal information. Be mindful of what you share publicly.
• Monitor Your Accounts: Regularly check your bank statements and credit card activity for any unauthorized transactions. Set up alerts for unusual activity.

Staying Informed

The world of online security is constantly evolving. Stay informed about the latest threats and scams by following reputable security blogs and news sources. Knowledge is your best defense in the digital age. By taking these proactive steps, you can significantly reduce your risk of becoming a victim of hackers and scammers and enjoy a safer online experience.

Mobile payment apps like Zelle, Venmo, and Cash App have completely changed the game. Need to split the dinner bill with friends? Instantly pay your roommate for rent? Send some cash to your kid at college? These apps make it a breeze. They’re convenient, fast, and easy to use. But that speed and ease also come with a catch: they’ve become a favorite tool for scammers.

Think about it: most payments on these apps are instant and irreversible. That’s a huge plus for convenience, but a huge risk if you send money to the wrong person. Scammers know this, and they’ve developed some clever tricks to get you to send them money you’ll never see again.

How Mobile Payment Scams Work

Scammers are experts at creating a sense of urgency or trust. They’ll pretend to be a friend, a family member, or a business you know. Here are a few common scams to watch out for:

• The “I’m in Trouble” Scam: You get a message from a friend saying they’re in a jam and need money right away. They might claim their phone was lost or stolen, or they’re stranded somewhere. But it’s not your friend. It’s a hacker who’s taken over their account. Always verify requests like these with a phone call or by another method.
• The “Too Good to Be True” Scam: You’re selling something on a site like Craigslist or Facebook Marketplace, and a “buyer” offers to pay you with a mobile app. They’ll send you a fake screenshot of a payment confirmation and might even “accidentally” overpay, then ask you to refund the extra amount. You’ll send them the money, but the original payment was never real, and you’re out of luck.
• The “Unexpected Payment” Scam: You receive a random payment from a stranger on an app like Zelle or Venmo. They’ll quickly send a panicked message claiming they sent it by mistake and need you to send it back. But they’re not asking for the original amount back. They’re trying to trick you into a fake transaction. Instead of sending them money, report the payment to the app’s support team.

Pro Tips to Stay Safe

Protecting yourself isn’t complicated. You just need to be a little cautious.

• Treat Mobile Payments Like Cash: When you use these apps, it’s like handing someone a physical dollar bill. Once it’s gone, you can’t get it back. Only send money to people you know and trust.
• Verify, Verify, Verify: If a friend or family member sends you a money request, or if someone you know is “in trouble” and needs money, don’t just trust the message. Call them or contact them in a different way to confirm they are who they say they are.
• Watch for Warning Signs: Be on the lookout for misspelled words, poor grammar, and strange requests. If someone is pressuring you to act fast or asking for information they shouldn’t need, it’s probably a scam.
• Use Strong Security: Enable two-factor authentication (2FA) on all your mobile payment apps. This adds an extra layer of security, so even if a scammer gets your password, they can’t get into your account.
• Don’t Overpay: Never, ever refund a supposed overpayment on these apps. If someone “accidentally” overpays, it’s a scam. Report them to the app’s support team instead.

By being aware of these common scams and following these simple safety tips, you can enjoy all the benefits of mobile payment apps without falling victim to a scammer. Stay safe and savvy!

We’ve all been there: a strange pop-up appears, your computer starts running slower than a sleepy snail, or you’re getting redirected to websites you didn’t ask for. Chances are, you’ve got a case of malware. Malware, short for malicious software, is a sneaky digital invader designed to steal your data, damage your device, or simply cause a ruckus. But don’t worry, you’re not helpless. By following a few simple steps, you can protect yourself from, detect, and even remove these digital pests.

Part 1: Protection Is Your Best Defense

An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure, especially with malware. The best way to deal with a malware infection is to never get one in the first place!

• Be a Smart Surfer: The internet is a vast and sometimes risky place. Avoid clicking on suspicious links in emails or on websites. If a deal seems too good to be true, it probably is. Never open email attachments from people you don’t know. Remember, hackers often disguise malware as an invoice, a photo, or an urgent warning.
• Use Antivirus Software: This is your first line of defense. Reputable antivirus software, like the kind Total Defense offers, constantly scans your device for threats and can block malicious files before they ever get a chance to do harm. Make sure your antivirus is set to update automatically so it can protect you from the newest threats.
• Keep Your Software Updated: Those annoying update notifications for your operating system and web browser are your friends! They often contain crucial security patches that fix vulnerabilities hackers have found. Enabling automatic updates is a simple way to stay protected.
• Download from Trusted Sources: Only download apps and software from official app stores (like Google Play or the Apple App Store) or reputable websites. Third-party sites often bundle malware with the software you think you’re getting.

Part 2: Detection – Spotting the Signs

Malware can be sneaky, but it often leaves clues. Be on the lookout for these red flags:

• Sluggish Performance: Is your computer or phone suddenly slow for no reason? This could be a sign that malware is running in the background, using up your device’s resources.
• Unusual Pop-ups or Ads: A sudden increase in pop-up ads, especially ones that are difficult to close, can be a sign of adware, a type of malware.
• Unexpected Crashes: If your device is freezing or crashing more often than usual, it could be a symptom of a deeper problem.
• Redirected Browsing: Are you being redirected to websites you didn’t intend to visit? This is a classic sign of malware hijacking your browser.

Part 3: Removal – Taking Out the Trash

If you suspect you have malware, don’t panic. Here’s how to deal with it:

1. Disconnect from the Internet: This is your first step. Disconnect your device from Wi-Fi and unplug your network cable. This prevents the malware from communicating with its master server and spreading to other devices on your network.
2. Run a Full Scan: Use your trusted antivirus software to run a full system scan. This will find and quarantine any malicious files it finds.
3. Delete the Malware: Follow the instructions from your antivirus program to delete the infected files. If you can’t, a deep scan or a second opinion from another reputable security tool might be necessary.
4. Change Your Passwords: Once you’re sure your device is clean, change all your passwords, especially for banking and email accounts.

By following these steps, you can keep your devices clean, your data safe, and your digital life free from malware-induced headaches.

Your home Wi-Fi network is the digital hub of your life. It connects your phones, laptops, smart TVs, and all those other cool gadgets. But did you know that an unsecured Wi-Fi network is like leaving your front door wide open for hackers? They can sneak in, snoop on your activity, steal your personal information, and even use your connection to commit crimes. Don’t let that happen! Securing your home network is easier than you think. Let’s walk through the steps to lock down your Wi-Fi and keep your digital life safe.

Step 1: Change the Default Password – Seriously

This is the most crucial step. Your router came with a default username and password, often something simple like “admin” for both. Hackers know these defaults by heart. The first thing you should do after setting up your router is change these login credentials to something strong and unique. Use a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols. This is the first and most important lock on your digital door.

Step 2: Use Strong Encryption (WPA3 is Best)

Most modern routers offer several encryption options. You want to choose the strongest one available. The gold standard right now is WPA3. WPA3 offers much stronger encryption than its predecessor, WPA2. It makes it nearly impossible for hackers to crack your password. If your router is a few years old and only offers WPA2, make sure you’re using a strong password. If you’re still using WEP (an older, very insecure protocol), it’s time to upgrade your router immediately.

Step 3: Create a Separate Guest Network

You have friends and family who visit. They need Wi-Fi, but they don’t need full access to your network. Most routers allow you to set up a separate guest network. This network has its own password and is isolated from your main network. This way, your guests can get online without having access to your computers, smart devices, or personal files. It’s a simple step that adds a huge layer of security.

Step 4: Disable Universal Plug and Play (UPnP)

UPnP is a feature that allows devices on your network to easily find and connect with each other. While convenient, it can also create security risks by automatically opening ports on your router that could be exploited by hackers. Unless you absolutely need it for a specific application, it’s generally safer to disable UPnP in your router’s settings.

Step 5: Keep Your Router’s Firmware Updated

Just like your computer and phone, your router’s software (called firmware) needs to be updated. Manufacturers regularly release updates that include security patches to fix newly discovered vulnerabilities. Check your router’s settings for an option to enable automatic updates. If that’s not available, make a note to check for updates manually every few months.

Step 6: Hide Your Network Name

By default, your router broadcasts your network name (or SSID) to anyone nearby. You can choose to hide this name in your router’s settings. While not a foolproof security measure, it can make your network less visible to casual hackers. To connect, you’ll need to manually enter the network name and password on each device.

By taking these proactive steps, you can transform your home Wi-Fi network from a potential security liability into a robust fortress. Your digital life is worth protecting, so take a few minutes to secure your router and enjoy the peace of mind that comes with a safe and private connection.

Home security cameras offer a fantastic way to keep an eye on your property, providing peace of mind whether you’re at work home or traveling further afield. But just like any connected device, these cameras can also be a potential entry point for cybercriminals if not properly secured. Think of it this way: you wouldn’t leave your front door unlocked, so why would you leave your security cameras vulnerable? Let’s walk through some easy steps you can take to make sure your home surveillance system is a fortress, not a free peek for hackers.

Step 1: Change the Default Password – Seriously!

This is security 101, but it’s surprising how many people skip it. Your camera comes with a default username and password (often something simple like “admin/12345”). Hackers know these defaults! It’s one of the first things they try. So, ditch the defaults and create a strong, unique password for each of your cameras. Use a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols. A password manager can help you keep track of these complex credentials.

Step 2: Secure Your Wi-Fi Network First

Your security cameras connect to your home Wi-Fi network, so the strength of your camera’s security is intrinsically linked to the security of your Wi-Fi. Make sure your home Wi-Fi is protected with a strong, unique password (different from your camera passwords!), and use WPA3 encryption if your router supports it. This is the foundation of your smart home security.

Step 3: Keep Your Camera Firmware Updated

Just like your phone and computer, security camera manufacturers regularly release firmware updates. These updates often include crucial security patches that fix vulnerabilities hackers could exploit. Enable automatic firmware updates on your cameras if the option is available. This ensures your cameras are always running the latest, most secure software. Check the manufacturer’s website for instructions on how to update your specific camera model.

Step 4: Enable Two-Factor Authentication (if available)

Some security cameras and their associated apps offer two-factor authentication (2FA). This adds an extra layer of security beyond just your password. Even if a hacker manages to guess your password, they’ll also need a second verification code (usually sent to your phone) to gain access. Enable 2FA whenever it’s an option for your camera system.

Step 5: Disable Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) on Your Router

UPnP is a feature that allows devices on your network to automatically discover and communicate with each other. While convenient, it can also create security risks by potentially opening ports on your router that could be exploited by hackers. Unless you absolutely need UPnP for specific applications, it’s generally safer to disable it in your router settings. Consult your router’s manual for instructions on how to do this.

Step 6: Be Smart About Cloud Storage

Many security cameras offer cloud storage for recorded footage. While convenient, consider the security practices of the cloud storage provider. Choose reputable providers with strong encryption and privacy policies. Also, review the privacy settings for your cloud account to ensure your footage is protected.

Step 7: Position Your Cameras Wisely

While not strictly a cybersecurity measure, the physical placement of your cameras can also enhance your overall security. Position cameras to cover key entry points and vulnerable areas but avoid pointing them directly at public spaces or your neighbor’s property to respect their privacy.

By taking these proactive steps, you can significantly enhance the security of your home security cameras and enjoy the peace of mind that comes with knowing your property is being monitored safely and securely. Don’t let your security cameras become a security liability – take control and lock them down!

Have you ever Googled your name and found a result from a “people search” site like Whitepages, Spokeo, or Intelius? These sites seem to know everything about you: your age, past addresses, phone numbers, family members, and maybe even your political affiliations. It can be a little creepy, right? You didn’t give them this information, so how do they have it, and more importantly, what can you do about it?

The Business of Data

People search sites are a type of “data broker.” These companies specialize in collecting, storing, and selling personal information on millions of people. They don’t just get this data from one place; they pull it from a huge variety of sources, including:

• Public Records: This is a goldmine for them. They scrape data from things like voter registrations, property deeds, court records, marriage licenses, and criminal histories.
• Social Media: If your social media profiles are public, they can easily grab your name, photos, location, and even who you’re connected to.
• Other Data Brokers: These companies often buy and sell information to each other, creating a vast network of personal data that’s hard to track.
• Online Activity: They can also collect information from your online shopping habits, surveys, and other online interactions.

The result is a detailed profile of you that they can sell to anyone willing to pay for it. While some people use these sites for legitimate reasons, like finding an old friend, they can also be used by scammers, stalkers, and identity thieves to target you.

Taking Control: The Opt-Out Process

The good news is that you can fight back! You have the right to ask these companies to remove your information. It’s called “opting out.” The bad news is that it can be a tedious process, as you have to go to each site individually.

Here’s a general game plan:

1. Find Yourself: Search for your own name, phone number, and address on a few popular people search sites. Make a list of every site that has your information.
2. Find the Opt-Out Page: On each site, look for a link at the bottom of the page that says something like “Do Not Sell My Info,” “Privacy Policy,” or “Opt-Out.”
3. Follow the Instructions: Each site has its own process. You might have to fill out a form, provide your email, or even verify your identity. Be careful not to give them more information than they already have!
4. Confirm and Repeat: After you submit your request, you may need to confirm it by clicking a link in an email they send you. The work isn’t over, though! Since these sites constantly pull from public records, your information might reappear in the future. You’ll need to repeat this process every few months to keep your data off the sites.

If you don’t have the time to do this yourself, there are services that can do the work for you for a fee. Just make sure you choose a reputable company.

The Bigger Picture

Removing your information from these sites is an important step in protecting your privacy, but it’s only one piece of the puzzle. You should also:

• Review Your Social Media: Check your privacy settings and make sure you’re not sharing more than you’re comfortable with.
• Be Mindful of Online Habits: Be cautious about filling out online forms or taking quizzes that ask for a lot of personal information.

By taking these proactive steps, you can significantly reduce your digital footprint and make it much harder for these sites to profit from your personal information.

So, you’re getting a shiny new computer! Awesome! But before you box up that old clunker and send it off to its next adventure (or the recycling plant), you need to do one very important thing: wipe it clean of your personal information. Think of it like decluttering your house before you move – you wouldn’t want to leave your bank statements and family photos for the new owners, right? Your computer is the same, but with a lot more sensitive digital baggage. If you don’t take the right steps, your old data could end up in the wrong hands, leading to potential identity theft. Let’s walk through how to make sure your digital past stays private.

Step 1: Back It Up First!

Before you start deleting anything, make sure you’ve backed up all the important files, photos, videos, and documents you want to keep. You can use an external hard drive, a USB flash drive, or a cloud storage service. Double-check that everything you need is safely stored somewhere else. This is your safety net!

Step 2: The “Delete” Button Isn’t Enough

Resist the urge to simply drag files to the Recycle Bin (or Trash on a Mac) and empty it. That doesn’t actually erase the data; it just removes the shortcuts. The files are still on your hard drive and can be recovered with readily available software. For true data removal, you need to go a step further.

Step 3: For Windows Users: The Factory Reset Route

For most Windows users, the easiest way to securely remove your personal information is to perform a factory reset. This process essentially restores your computer to the state it was in when it first came from the manufacturer.

• Windows 10 & 11: Go to Settings > Update & Security > Recovery. Under “Reset this PC,” click Get started. You’ll be given two options: “Keep my files” and “Remove everything.” Choose “Remove everything.” Then, select “Remove files and clean the drive.” This option takes longer but does a more thorough job of overwriting your data.

Follow the on-screen instructions to complete the reset. Be patient, as this process can take some time.

Step 4: For Mac Users: Reinstall macOS

For Mac users, the process involves using the built-in Disk Utility to securely erase your hard drive and then reinstalling macOS.

1. Restart your Mac and hold down Command (⌘) + R until you see the Apple logo or another startup screen. This will boot your Mac into Recovery Mode.
2. In macOS Utilities, select Disk Utility and click Continue.
3. Select your startup disk in the sidebar.
4. Click Erase in the toolbar.
5. Enter a name for your disk, choose APFS or Mac OS Extended (Journaled) as the format, and for the Scheme, select GUID Partition Map.
6. Click Erase. For more secure erasing options, click Security Options (if available) and choose a more thorough erasure method (this will take longer).
7. Once the erase is complete, quit Disk Utility.
8. In the macOS Utilities window, select Reinstall macOS and follow the on-screen instructions.

Step 5: Physical Destruction (Optional, But Highly Secure)

For ultimate peace of mind, especially if you’ve had highly sensitive information on your computer, you can consider physically destroying the hard drive. This involves removing the hard drive and either drilling holes through the platters or completely smashing it. This method makes data recovery virtually impossible.

By following these steps, you can ensure that your personal information doesn’t fall into the wrong hands when you say goodbye to your old computer. It might take a little extra time, but the peace of mind knowing your digital life remains private is well worth the effort.

That sinking feeling is the worst. You try to log into your email or social media, but your password doesn’t work. A quick message to a friend reveals that someone has been sending weird messages from your account. You’ve been hacked. It’s a scary moment, but you’re not helpless. The most important thing is to act fast. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to recover your hacked account and secure your digital life.

Step 1: Disconnect and Change Everything

First, get the hacker out. If you’re still logged in on any device, log out immediately. The quicker you cut off their access, the less damage they can do.

Next, you need to change your password. Go directly to the “Forgot Password” or “Reset Password” link on the login page. Do not click on any links in an email you might have received from the hacker—these are often traps.

When you create a new password, make it strong and unique. Don’t reuse an old password, and make sure it’s not a word you can find in a dictionary. Use a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols. A good password manager can help you create and store strong passwords for all your accounts.

Step 2: Check for Forwarding Rules and Hidden Backdoors

Hackers are clever. Even after you’ve changed your password, they might have set up a secret way to regain access. Log in to your account and go straight to the settings page. Look for anything suspicious.

• Email: Check your email forwarding rules. Hackers often set up a rule to forward your emails to their own address, so they can keep tabs on you. Delete any forwarding rules you didn’t create.
• Social Media: Look for connected apps or authorized devices you don’t recognize. Remove any that you didn’t personally approve. This is especially important for social media, where a malicious app could be posting on your behalf or collecting your data.

Step 3: Tell Your Contacts and Warn Everyone

Once you’ve secured your account, it’s time to let your network know what happened. Send an email or a quick social media post (if you have control of your account) to your friends and followers. Tell them your account was hacked and to ignore any strange messages or requests they might have received from you. This simple step can prevent the hacker from scamming your friends or spreading malware to others.

Step 4: Add Extra Internet Security

Now that you’ve recovered, it’s time to prevent this from happening again. Two-factor authentication (2FA) is your best friend here. It adds a second layer of security to your account, so even if a hacker gets your password, they can’t get in without a code from your phone or another device.

By acting quickly, being thorough, and taking a few proactive security steps, you can recover from a hack and make your online life much safer.

Think about everything you do on your phone: banking, shopping, social media, work. It holds some of your most sensitive information, from your passwords to your contacts and even your location. For hackers, your phone is a digital goldmine, and they’re always looking for new ways to strike it rich. But don’t worry, you can take some simple steps to fortify your device and keep your personal data safe.

1. Lock It Down with a Strong Passcode

This might sound like a no-brainer, but it’s the first and most important step. A simple 4-digit PIN is easy to guess. Opt for a strong, unique alphanumeric passcode—one that’s long and uses a mix of letters, numbers, and symbols. Even better, use biometric security like a fingerprint or face scan. These are much harder for a hacker to fake.

2. Be an App Inspector

We all love a good app, but not all apps are created equal. Before you download anything, especially from a new or unknown developer, do your research. Check reviews, look at the developer’s website, and most importantly, review the app’s permissions. Does a simple flashlight app really need access to your photos and contacts? If an app asks for more permissions than it needs to function, it’s a big red flag. Stick to official app stores like the Apple App Store and Google Play, which have security measures in place to vet apps before they’re published.

3. Keep Your Software Updated

Those update notifications you get for your phone’s operating system (iOS or Android) aren’t just for new emojis and features. They contain crucial security patches that fix vulnerabilities hackers have found. Ignoring these updates leaves your phone exposed and vulnerable. Turn on automatic updates so your phone can stay protected without you having to think about it. It’s like getting a new, stronger suit of armor to defend against the latest threats.

4. Be a Wi-Fi Warrior

Connecting to free public Wi-Fi at a coffee shop or airport might seem convenient, but it’s a huge security risk. Many of these networks are not encrypted, which means a hacker can easily intercept the data you send and receive—from your login credentials to your banking information. If you have to use public Wi-Fi, avoid any activity that involves sensitive data. The best solution? Use a Virtual Private Network (VPN). A VPN encrypts your connection, creating a secure tunnel for your data and shielding it from prying eyes.

By following these four simple steps, you can significantly reduce your risk of becoming a victim of a cyberattack. Your phone is a powerful tool, and by taking these precautions, you ensure it stays a tool for you, not for a hacker.

We’ve all been there: you’re out and about, maybe at a coffee shop, an airport, or a hotel, and you see that glorious “Free Wi-Fi” option. It’s tempting, right? A quick way to check emails, scroll through social media, or even get some work done. But before you connect, it’s crucial to understand a simple truth: public Wi-Fi networks are not created equal. In fact, many are far less secure than you think, and they can pose a real risk to your personal information.

The Risks of Public Wi-Fi

Connecting to a public Wi-Fi network is like having a conversation in the middle of a crowded room. You can talk to your friends, but anyone with a little know-how can listen in. On an unsecured network, your data—like passwords, banking details, and personal messages—can be intercepted by hackers. They might be sitting at the next table, just waiting for someone to log into their bank account or enter a credit card number. This is a common method for cybercriminals to steal sensitive information.

Even if a public Wi-Fi network requires a password, it might still not be secure. A password that’s shared with everyone at a coffee shop or hotel isn’t really a private key. It’s better than nothing, but it still leaves you vulnerable.

Be Your Own Security Guard

So, how can you stay safe in the Wi-Fi wild west? The key is to be your own security guard.

• Assume the Worst. Always assume a public Wi-Fi network is insecure. This mindset will encourage you to take extra precautions.
• Avoid Sensitive Activities. While connected to public Wi-Fi, avoid doing anything that involves personal or financial information. This includes online banking, shopping, and logging into accounts that contain sensitive data. If you have to do something important, switch to your phone’s cellular data connection, which is far more secure.
• Use a VPN. A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is your best friend when using public Wi-Fi. It creates a secure, encrypted tunnel for all your internet traffic, hiding your activity from prying eyes. Think of it as a private, secure lane on the internet highway. Even if a hacker intercepts your data, it will be scrambled and unreadable.
• Enable a Firewall. A firewall is a safety barrier that controls incoming and outgoing network traffic. Make sure the firewall on your computer or mobile device is enabled. It can block suspicious connections and stop hackers before they can even get started.

The Safest Way to Connect

The bottom line is to think before you click. Public Wi-Fi is convenient, but it’s not always safe. By using a VPN, avoiding sensitive activities, and being aware of the risks, you can protect yourself from potential threats.